NATURAL disasters such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, wildfires, and tsunamis disrupt daily life and often overwhelm healthcare systems.
In these situations, oral health care is frequently overlooked as attention focuses on life-threatening injuries and basic survival needs.
However, maintaining oral health during and after natural disasters is essential, as dental problems can quickly become painful, debilitating, and even dangerous when left untreated.
During disasters, access to clean water, electricity, dental clinics, and professional care may be severely limited. People may lose their toothbrushes, toothpaste, dentures, or other dental appliances while evacuating.
Crowded shelters, stress, poor nutrition, and dehydration further increase the risk of oral health problems such as tooth decay, gum disease, oral infections, and mouth sores. Infections originating in the mouth can spread to other parts of the body, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems, chronic illnesses, children, and older adults.
Basic oral hygiene practices should be maintained as much as possible during emergencies.
Brushing teeth twice daily remains the most effective way to prevent dental disease. If toothpaste is unavailable, brushing with a clean, soft brush and water is still beneficial. When water is scarce or unsafe, bottled or treated water should be used.
In extreme situations, gently wiping teeth and gums with a clean cloth can help remove plaque and food debris. Flossing, if available, should be continued to prevent gum inflammation and infection.
Diet also plays a critical role in oral health during disasters. Emergency food supplies often consist of canned, packaged, and high-sugar foods that increase the risk of cavities.
Whenever possible, individuals should limit sugary snacks and drinks, rinse their mouths with water after eating, and choose healthier options such as fruits, vegetables, and protein-rich foods.
Chewing sugar-free gum can help stimulate saliva flow, which naturally protects teeth and gums when brushing is not immediately possible.
Dental emergencies are common during disasters, including broken teeth, lost fillings, abscesses, and trauma to the mouth or jaw. People should seek professional care as soon as services become available. Temporary measures, such as covering sharp tooth edges with clean gauze or dental wax, can reduce discomfort.
Pain relievers may be used as directed, but antibiotics should only be taken when prescribed by a qualified healthcare provider.
Disaster preparedness plans should include oral health considerations. Individuals and families are encouraged to prepare a dental emergency kit containing toothbrushes, toothpaste, floss, mouth rinse, denture supplies, pain relievers, and copies of dental records.
Public health authorities and disaster response teams should integrate oral health services into emergency shelters and relief efforts, ensuring access to basic dental care and education.
Oral health is an important component of overall health that should not be neglected during natural disasters. By maintaining basic hygiene, making informed dietary choices, and planning ahead, individuals and communities can reduce oral health complications and improve resilience during times of crisis.
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Dr. Joseph D. Lim, Ed. D., is the former Associate Dean of the College of Dentistry, University of the East; former Dean, College of Dentistry, National University; Past President and Honorary Fellow of the Asian Oral Implant Academy; Honorary Fellow of the Japan College of Oral Implantologists; Honorary Life Member of the Thai Association of Dental Implantology; and Founding Chairman of the Philippine College of Oral Implantologists. For questions on dental health, e-mail jdlim2008@gmail.com or text 0917-8591515.
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Dr. Kenneth Lester Lim, BS-MMG, DDM, MSc-OI, graduated Doctor of Dental Medicine, University of the Philippines, College of Dentistry, Manila, 2011; Bachelor of Science in Marketing Management, De la Salle University, Manila, 2002; and Master of Science (MSc.) in Oral Implantology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany, 2019. He is an Associate Professor; Fellow, International Congress of Oral Implantologists; and Fellow, Philippine College of Oral Implantologists. For questions on dental health, e-mail limdentalcenter@gmail.com./PN
